这一次介绍用Python结合PyQt5桌面开发一款属于自己的应用程序，直接上代码，如下：
#!/usr/bin/env python
from PyQt5.QtCore import (QFile, QFileInfo, QPoint, QRect, QSettings, QSize,
Qt, QTextStream)
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon, QKeySequence
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QAction, QApplication, QFileDialog, QMainWindow,
QMessageBox, QTextEdit)
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super(MainWindow, self).__init__()
self.curFile = ''
self.textEdit = QTextEdit()
self.setCentralWidget(self.textEdit)
self.createActions()
self.createMenus()
self.createToolBars()
self.createStatusBar()
self.readSettings()
self.textEdit.document().contentsChanged.connect(self.documentWasModified)
self.setCurrentFile('')
# 关闭事件
def closeEvent(self, event):
if self.maybeSave():
self.writeSettings()
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
# 新建文件事件
def newFile(self):
if self.maybeSave():
self.textEdit.clear()
self.setCurrentFile('')
# 打开文件事件
def open(self):
if self.maybeSave():
fileName, _ = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self)
if fileName:
self.loadFile(fileName)
# 保存事件
def save(self):
if self.curFile:
return self.saveFile(self.curFile)
return self.saveAs()
# 另存事件
def saveAs(self):
fileName, _ = QFileDialog.getSaveFileName(self)
if fileName:
return self.saveFile(fileName)
return False
# 关于我们事件
def about(self):
QMessageBox.about(self, "关于PY程序猿",
"<b>PY程序猿</b> 是一个爱设计更爱代码的程序猿。 ")
def documentWasModified(self):
self.setWindowModified(self.textEdit.document().isModified())
# 创建动作
def createActions(self):
root = QFileInfo(__file__).absolutePath()
self.newAct = QAction(QIcon(root + '/images/new.png'), "&新建", self,
shortcut=QKeySequence.New, statusTip="新建一个文件",
triggered=self.newFile)
self.openAct = QAction(QIcon(root + '/images/open.png'), "&打开...",
self, shortcut=QKeySequence.Open,
statusTip="打开一个文件", triggered=self.open)
self.saveAct = QAction(QIcon(root + '/images/save.png'), "&保存", self,
shortcut=QKeySequence.Save,
statusTip="保存一个文件", triggered=self.save)
self.saveAsAct = QAction("另&存...", self,
shortcut=QKeySequence.SaveAs,
statusTip="另存一个新的文件",
triggered=self.saveAs)
self.exitAct = QAction("退出", self, shortcut="Ctrl+Q",
statusTip="退出", triggered=self.close)
self.cutAct = QAction(QIcon(root + '/images/cut.png'), "剪切", self,
shortcut=QKeySequence.Cut,
statusTip="剪切当前选择内容到剪贴板",
triggered=self.textEdit.cut)
self.copyAct = QAction(QIcon(root + '/images/copy.png'), "复制", self,
shortcut=QKeySequence.Copy,
statusTip="复制当前选择内容到剪贴板",
triggered=self.textEdit.copy)
self.pasteAct = QAction(QIcon(root + '/images/paste.png'), "粘贴",
self, shortcut=QKeySequence.Paste,
statusTip="从剪贴板粘贴内容到当前位置",
triggered=self.textEdit.paste)
self.aboutAct = QAction("&关于", self,
statusTip="显示作者信息",
triggered=self.about)
self.cutAct.setEnabled(False)
self.copyAct.setEnabled(False)
self.textEdit.copyAvailable.connect(self.cutAct.setEnabled)
self.textEdit.copyAvailable.connect(self.copyAct.setEnabled)
# 创建菜单
def createMenus(self):
self.fileMenu = self.menuBar().addMenu("文件")
self.fileMenu.addAction(self.newAct)
self.fileMenu.addAction(self.openAct)
self.fileMenu.addAction(self.saveAct)
self.fileMenu.addAction(self.saveAsAct)
self.fileMenu.addSeparator();
self.fileMenu.addAction(self.exitAct)
self.editMenu = self.menuBar().addMenu("编辑")
self.editMenu.addAction(self.cutAct)
self.editMenu.addAction(self.copyAct)
self.editMenu.addAction(self.pasteAct)
self.menuBar().addSeparator()
self.helpMenu = self.menuBar().addMenu("帮助")
self.helpMenu.addAction(self.aboutAct)
# 创建工具栏
def createToolBars(self):
self.fileToolBar = self.addToolBar("File")
self.fileToolBar.addAction(self.newAct)
self.fileToolBar.addAction(self.openAct)
self.fileToolBar.addAction(self.saveAct)
self.editToolBar = self.addToolBar("Edit")
self.editToolBar.addAction(self.cutAct)
self.editToolBar.addAction(self.copyAct)
self.editToolBar.addAction(self.pasteAct)
# 创建状态栏
def createStatusBar(self):
self.statusBar().showMessage("已准备好!")
def readSettings(self):
settings = QSettings("Trolltech", "Application Example")
pos = settings.value("pos", QPoint(200, 200))
size = settings.value("size", QSize(400, 400))
self.resize(size)
self.move(pos)
def writeSettings(self):
settings = QSettings("Trolltech", "Application Example")
settings.setValue("pos", self.pos())
settings.setValue("size", self.size())
def maybeSave(self):
if self.textEdit.document().isModified():
ret = QMessageBox.warning(self, "Application",
"The document has been modified.\nDo you want to save "
"your changes?",
QMessageBox.Save | QMessageBox.Discard | QMessageBox.Cancel)
if ret == QMessageBox.Save:
return self.save()
if ret == QMessageBox.Cancel:
return False
return True
def loadFile(self, fileName):
file = QFile(fileName)
if not file.open(QFile.ReadOnly | QFile.Text):
QMessageBox.warning(self, "Application",
"Cannot read file %s:\n%s." % (fileName, file.errorString()))
return
inf = QTextStream(file)
QApplication.setOverrideCursor(Qt.WaitCursor)
self.textEdit.setPlainText(inf.readAll())
QApplication.restoreOverrideCursor()
self.setCurrentFile(fileName)
self.statusBar().showMessage("File loaded", 2000)
def saveFile(self, fileName):
file = QFile(fileName)
if not file.open(QFile.WriteOnly | QFile.Text):
QMessageBox.warning(self, "Application",
"Cannot write file %s:\n%s." % (fileName, file.errorString()))
return False
outf = QTextStream(file)
QApplication.setOverrideCursor(Qt.WaitCursor)
outf << self.textEdit.toPlainText()
QApplication.restoreOverrideCursor()
self.setCurrentFile(fileName);
self.statusBar().showMessage("File saved", 2000)
return True
def setCurrentFile(self, fileName):
self.curFile = fileName
self.textEdit.document().setModified(False)
self.setWindowModified(False)
if self.curFile:
shownName = self.strippedName(self.curFile)
else:
shownName = 'untitled.txt'
self.setWindowTitle("%s[*] - Application" % shownName)
def strippedName(self, fullFileName):
return QFileInfo(fullFileName).fileName()
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
mainWin = MainWindow()
mainWin.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
效果如图：
